Biology 2011

 1. The non-membrane cell organelle is... A. microbodies B. peroxisomes C. lysosomes D. vacuoles E. ribosomes

 2. Below is a bar graph depicting exposure to dark and light periods. The black areas indicate the dark period, and the uncolored (white) areas indicate the light period. Based on the graph below, plants classified as short-day plants will flower if... A. B. C. D. E. 

3. During an expedition, plants were found with the following characteristics: non-woody, pinnate leaves, no flowers, rosette stems, and curled young leaves. If you were asked to predict which group of plants you found? A. Angiospermae B. Monocotyledonae C. Pteridophyta D. Bryophyta E. Gymnospermae

4. The pangolin (Manis javanica) is a rare and protected species in Indonesia. This animal, whose body is almost entirely covered in scales, is an insectivore. In animal classification, pangolins are included in the group... A. class Reptilia because their bodies are covered in scales B. class Insectivora because they are insectivorous C. class Mammalia because they have hair and are mammals D. subclass Squamata because their bodies are covered in scales and they are insectivorous E. subclass Monotremes because, in addition to having scales, they also lay eggs like reptiles. 

5. The function of neuroglia is... A. to help neurons accelerate impulse transmission B. to help neurons transmit chemical stimuli C. to strengthen the structural integrity of the nervous system and the metabolic function of neurons D. to help neurons open Na+ gates E. to help neurons transport potassium, express, and regenerate.

6. The layer of dead cells consisting of several layers of epidermal tissue in the aerial roots of orchids and functioning as water storage tissue is .... A. cuticle B. trichome C. spine D. velamen E. lithocyte cells 

7. A microorganism exhibits limited growth at a temperature of 27°C. Growth is observed best at 37°C. At 40°C, growth still occurs, but no growth occurs above that temperature. Based on the growth temperature, the microorganism is classified as .... A. psychrophilic B. mesophilic C. thermotolerant D. thermophilic E. psychrotolerant 

8. Fertilization activates a series of reactions that allow the fusion of the nuclei of the sperm and egg cells. The following reactions are involved in the fertilization process, except... A. Acromosal reaction B. Cortical reaction C. Metabolic reaction D. Polyspermy reaction E. Invagination reaction 

9. A husband and wife are arguing over one of their children having blood type O, while the husband and wife have blood types A and B respectively. The explanation you can give is... (1) wife A is heterozygous and husband B is homozygous (2) wife B is heterozygous and husband B is heterozygous (3) wife A is homozygous and husband B is heterozygous (4) wife A is heterozygous and husband B is heterozygous A. 1, 2, 3 B. 1, 3 C. 2, 4 D. 4 E. 1, 2, 3, 4 

10. Damage to various parts of the nephron will affect kidney function. The following are statements related to damage to the nephron and the resulting disruption to kidney function, except... (1) Damage to the juxtaglomerular apparatus will affect the blood filtration rate in the glomerulus, thereby affecting urine production. (2) Damage to the proximal tubule will result in very dilute urine. (3) Damage to the collecting duct causes the kidneys to be unable to produce concentrated urine. (4) Damage to the loop of Henle causes urine to be devoid of protein and sugar. A. 1, 2, 3 B. 1, 3 C. 2, 4 D. 4 E. 1, 2, 3, 4

11. Glycolysis is a series of reactions that convert glucose molecules into pyruvic acid by producing NADH and ATP. The following statements are characteristics of glycolysis: (1) Glycolysis can occur aerobically or anaerobically. (2) Enzymatic activity occurs in glycolysis. (3) ADP and ATP play a role in transferring phosphate from one molecule to another. (4) The release of water produces two phosphoenolpyruvate molecules, each with a high-energy phosphate bond. A. 1, 2, 3 B. 1, 3 C. 2, 4 D. 4 E. 1, 2, 3, 4 

12. The following statements are correct: (1) The atrioventricular valves prevent blood from flowing from the ventricles to the atria during systole. (2) Parasympathetic stimulation decreases the heart rate. (3) The semilunar valves prevent backflow from the aorta and pulmonary artery to the ventricles during astole. (4) The heart muscles work by themselves without our awareness. A. 1, 2, 3 B. 1, 3 C. 2, 4 D. 4 E. 1, 2, 3, 4