Biology 2010

 1. Plants have chemical substances that can trigger the development and germination of seeds. The activity of these compounds is influenced by light. The compounds in question are... 

A. phytophototropism B. phytochrome 

C. phytophotoperiod D. phytoremediation

E. phytochemicals 

2. 1. Microorganism X: grows on dried salted fish, grows well at a temperature of 60ºC. 2. Microorganism Y: anaerobic, grows well at a pH <4.5 and a temperature of 10ºC. 3. Microorganism Z: grows well in sweet syrup, a pH <5 and a temperature of 34ºC. Based on the conditions above, the correct statement regarding microorganisms X, Y, and Z is... 

A. Aerobic-Thermophilic; Anaerobic-Acidophilic; Osmophilic-Thermophilic 

B. Thermophilic-Acidophilic; Psychrophilic-Acidophilic; Mesophilic-Acidophilic 

C. Xerophilic-Thermophilic; Psychrophilic-Acidophilic; Aerobic-Osmophilic-Mesophilic 

D. Aerobic-Xerophilic-Psychrophilic; Anaerobic-Acidophilic-Thermophilic; Osmophilic-Acidophilic 

E. Acidophilic-Thermophilic-Aerobic; Mesophilic-Acidophilic-Anaerobic; Mesophilic-Acidophilic-Mesophilic 

3. Unlike other crustaceans, terilipids (Balanus sp.) generally live attached to a substrate (sessile). These filter-feeding organisms obtain food dissolved in water by creating a current of water through their mouths and filtering the dissolved food using an organ called... A. maxillopeda B. mandible C. characteristic D. cilia E. maxilla 

4. Oparin and Haldane's postulate states that the chemical formation of organic compounds from inorganic compounds frequently occurred in the atmosphere and water during the early stages of Earth's formation. This does not occur today because...

 A. high concentration of water vapor in the atmosphere

 B. high concentration of oxygen in the atmosphere 

C. high concentration of ozone in the atmosphere 

D. high concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere 

E. high concentration of nitrogen in the atmosphere

5. The following are mechanisms that influence speciation, except... A. gene flow B. behavioral isolation C. domestication D. polypoidy E. gamete isolation 

6. In the image above, the arrow represents the enzyme restriction site, and the resulting cut is a sticky end. The results of the section are... A. 5' A G A and G C T G A 3' B. 3' T C T C G and A C T 5' C. 5' A G A, 3' T C T and G C T G A 3', C G A C T 5' D. 5' A G A, 3' T C T C G and G C T G A 3', A C T 5' E. 5' A G A G C, 3' T C T and T G A 3', C G A C T 5' 

7. Mammals excrete most of their nitrogenous waste in the form of urea, while birds generally excrete uric acid and fish generally excrete ammonia. The order of toxicity of these nitrogen compounds, from most to least toxic, is... 

A. ammonia - uric acid - urea 

B. urea - ammonia - uric acid 

C. ammonia - urea - uric acid 

D. ammonia - urea - uric acid

E. uric acid - ammonia - urea 

8. Phospholipids are compound lipids that are essential for the body. BECAUSE Selectively permeable cell membranes are composed of two layers of phospholipids. 

A. If the STATEMENT is true, the REASON is true, and both show a causal relationship. 

B. If the STATEMENT is true, the REASON is true, and both do not show a causal relationship. 

C. If the STATEMENT is true, the REASON is false. 

D. If the STATEMENT is false, the REASON is true. 

E. If both the STATEMENT and REASON are false. 

9. Some characteristics of reabsorption that occur in the renal tubule are... (1) Reabsorption is influenced by Ca2+ ion levels. (2) Reabsorption can occur obligately and facultatively. (3) Reabsorption involves the function of the hormones angiotensinogen II and aldosterone. (4) Transport occurs through facilitated diffusion or active transport. 

A. 1, 2, 3 B. 1, 3 C. 2, 4 D. 4 E. 1, 2, 3, 4 

10. The light reactions and the Calvin cycle work together. The same process converts light energy into chemical energy in the form of food. The processes that occur in the light reactions are... (1) producing ATP and breaking down water (2) forming sugar from CO2 (3) releasing O2 and forming NADPH (4) using ATP for energy and NADPH for reduction 

A. 1, 2, 3 B. 1, 3 C. 2, 4 D. 4 E. 1, 2, 3, 4

11. The statement below that does not correspond to the meaning of homologous chromosomes is .... (1) found on male sex chromosomes (2) appear similar in the karyotype of organisms (3) always contain identical genetic information (4) carry genes for the same traits at corresponding loci 

A. 1, 2, 3 B. 1, 3 C. 2, 4 D. 4 E. 1, 2, 3, 4 12. 

12. The correct statement regarding mosses, ferns, and flowering plants below is .... (1) naturally, spores can grow into new individuals (2) produce egg cells and sperm cells (3) the sporophyte phase is longer than the gametophyte phase (4) have sexual reproductive organs 

A. 1, 2, 3 B. 1, 3 C. 2, 4 D. 4 E. 1, 2, 3, 4