BIOLOGY WORKSHEETS AND ANSWERS SBMPTN 2013

 1. An example of the presence of animals in a well-maintained habitat as an ex situ conservation effort is....

A. orangutans in the forests of Borneo       X

B. Cendrawasih in the forests of Papua      X

C. deer in Bogor Botanical Gardens

D. dolphins on the Mahakam River        X

E. anoa on Sulawesi Island        X

Answer

endemic = animals that exist only in one place

ex situ = outside (zoo)

in situ = in their own habitat

2. The microbial community attached to a substrate/object so that it can damage the substrate/object is called....

A. Biodegradator

B. Bioactivator

C. Biocatalyst

D. Biodeposit

E. Biofilm

Answer

microorganism, microbe = bacteria

protists

monera = bacteria, cyanobacter

biodegradator, degrator = destroyer

bioactivator = fertilize the soil

biocatalyst = enzyme

bio deposit = deposition of the remains of organisms

biofilm = bacteria always attached = tartar, on stones

The part of the digestive system that plays a role in breaking down polypeptides into oligopeptides is...

A. duodenum

B. large intestine

C. stomach

D. jejunum

E. ileum

Answer

2 amino acids = dipeptide

4 amino acids = oligopeptide

many amino acids = polypeptide

more than 1 polypeptide there is an attractive force = protein, protein = polymer

carbohydrates begin to be digested in the mouth (by the enzyme amylase, converting starch into glucose)

proteins begin to be digested in the stomach (by proteases, converting proteins into polypeptides)

pancreas = converts lipids to fatty acids + glycerol by the enzyme lipase

in the small intestine = polypeptides to dipeptides or oligopeptides

after the stomach is the beginning of the small intestine = duodenum

 

4. Abscisic acid protects plants that experience water shortages through the mechanism of ....

A. increased cuticle formation

B) decreased guard cell turgor pressure

C. an increase in the speed of cell division

D. a decrease in the rate of cell expansion

E. inhibition of epidermal cell elongation

Answer

lots of cuticle = decreased evaporation

5. False statement regarding cyclic and non-cyclic photophosphorylation is ....

A. In non-cyclic photophosphorylation, the source of electrons entering Photosystem II is water molecules, in cyclic photophosphorylation, the source of electrons is Photosystem I ✔

B. in non-cyclic photophosphorylation the last electron acceptor is NADP, in cyclic photophosphorylation, the last electron acceptor is Photosystem I

C. Both non-cyclic photophosphorylation and cyclic photophosphorylation involve the transfer of electrons through a series of electron carriers

D. The products of non-cyclic photophosphorylation are ATP, NADPH, and O2, while the products of cyclic photophosphorylation are only ATP

E. Non-cyclic photophosphorylation involves Photosystem I and II, cyclic photophosphorylation only involves Photosystem II X

Answer

process of electrons from water to photosystem 1 to photosystem 2 = non-cyclic cycle

electron return process from photosystem 2 to photosystem 1 = cyclic cycle

non-cyclic photophosphorylation involves photosystems 1 and 2 and cyclic photophosphorylation involves only photosystem 1

6. Look at the following kreb channel diagram!

The stage where hydration takes place is...

A. 1 and 4

B. 1 and 5

C. 2 and 6

D. 3 and 7

E. 3 and 8

Answer

 respiration = glycolysis --> glyco = sugar, lysis = breakdown, yield = 2 pyruvate (3C)

hydration = addition of water

there are only water compounds 3 and 8

7. Look at the picture of the following stages of mitosis!

The stages of telophase, metaphase, anaphase and prophase are indicated by a sequence of numbers....

A. 1 - 3 - 2 - 4

B. 1 - 3 - 4 - 2

C. 1 - 4 - 3 - 2

D. 4 - 1 - 2 - 3

E. 4 - 1 - 3 - 2

Answer

there are 2 cell divisions

mitosis

2n --> 2n and 2n

meiosis

2n --> n --> n and n

--> n --> n and n

Before prophase, the centrioles begin to move toward the poles of division (in non-plant animal cells) and the chromosomes still form chromatin.

prophase = chromatin begins to become chromosomes

end of prophase = chromosomes thicken and have duplicated (tetrad)

metaphase = chromosome in the middle of the plane and the position to be drawn

anaphase = chromosomes have been pulled by the spindle threads by centrioles, towards the poles of division

telophase = 1 cell divides into 2 identical cells

 

8. Due to a mutation, the chromosomes undergo changes as shown in the image below.

The type of mutation is....

A. addition

B. deletion

C. inversion

D. duplication

E. translocation

Answer

Addition = addition

deles = subtraction

inversion = reverse

duplication = doubling

translocation = transfer, as in the picture problem

 

9. The following relates to artificial selection, except....

A. Only individuals with the desired characteristics may reproduce

B. produce new varieties of cultivated animals or plants

C. continuous selection can change genotype frequency

D. genotypes can be developed from wild species

E. produce new species

Answer

10. The following graph shows the performance of synthetic insulin.

Based on the graph above, the insulin that helps the absorption the fastest is ....

A. NPH

B. Aspartate

C. Detemir

D. Glasgine

E. Ordinary insulin

Answer

11. Planaria sp is a member of Platyhelminthes which can be used as a bioindicator of the aquatic environment. ️

BECAUSE

Planiaria are carnivorous and are often found in waters contaminated with domestic waste. X

Answer

Patyhelminthes = only in clean water, if no platyhelminthes means the water is dirty.

planarians = carnivores

vermes = dibg 3

platyhelminthes, nematodes, annelidia

in the phylum platyhelminthes = only one that is good for humans, namely planaria sp

 

12. The process of breathing in or inspiration occurs as a result of muscle contraction of the lungs. X

BECAUSE

The process of inhaling occurs when the diaphragm descends and the pressure in the chest cavity decreases. ️

Answer

Inspiration = muscle contraction between chest ribs, lower diaphragm --> lung volume increases --> lung pressure decreases --> air enters

expiration = relaxation of the muscles between the ribs in the chest, the diaphragm rises, the volume of the lungs decreases, the pressure in the lungs increases, the air comes out

diaphragm = muscle near the stomach, abdominal breathing

13. The statement that is wrong about the interaction relationship between two or more populations is ....

(1) energy transfer between trophic levels generally has an efficiency level of less than 20%

(2) one sixth of the energy of a leaf can be utilized by a caterpillar that eats it X ---> only 10% 1/10

(3) the secondary production of an ecosystem is the amount of chemical energy converted into consumer biomass primary production = heat + metabolism

(4) the production efficiency of an organism is the part of the energy it eats which is used in respiration X ---> product efficiency is the part of the energy transferred from one trophic level to the next.

Answer

relationship of two or more populations --> symbiosis

For example, the total energy from the sun is 100 energy, 1% goes to plants, 90% of which goes into plants for 1. metabolism (growth, respiration, photosynthesis), 2. as heat

Of which 10% of plant residues are transferred to herbivores such as caterpillars, 90% of the energy that caterpillars get from leaves is used for metabolism, 10% is transferred to carnivores that eat caterpillars such as birds.

14. The 3 phosphoglycerate molecule resulting from glycolysis can be converted into the amino acid serine in the cell compartment....

(1) endoplasmic reticulum

(2) mitochondria

(3) golgi body

(4) cytoplasm

Answer

15. Look at the following gamete pictures!

If each chromosome has a pair of genes, then...

(1) the organism is diploid

(2) each gamete has a haploid number of chromosomes

(3) each gene in a chromosome has a maximum of 2 possible alleles of

(4) each embryonic cell has a maximum of 4 possible alleles

Answer

drawn sperm and ovum (gametes) = haploid, 1 large 1 small,

in the matter of each chromosome has a pair of genes, later the organism = diploid = haploid in sperm + haploid in ovum

gametes = haploid half of the number of chromosomes of the organism (gonads)